对于大型稀疏矩阵（501乘501），用幂法求其按模最大特征值和最大特征值，用反幂法求其按模最小特征值和距离给定数字最近的特征值，求得了矩阵的条件数和行列式，讨论迭代初始向量的选取对计算结果的影响。-For large sparse matrix (501 x 501), with the power method for the maximum modulus of its eigenvalues ​ ​ and by the largest eigenvalue, with the inverse power method for the smallest eigenvalue of its modulo a given number of recent and distance eigenvalues ​ ​ of the matrix obtained condition number and determinant, to discuss the selection of the initial vector of the iterative calculation results.