16QAM因其高频谱利用率而被第三代移动通信增强型技术HSDPA采用。由于Turbo译码需要软信息输入，因此，解调输出需要计算比特软信息（LLR）。本文分析了LLR理论算法并在此基础上导出了简化算法。-16QAM its high spectral efficiency have been enhanced third-generation mobile communication technology HSDPA use. Turbo decoding requires soft inform

This document is about 16 QAM demapping of received data. But its a soft demapping method based Log likelihood ratio(llr). So results can be used as inputs for viterbi decoder or turbo decoder. It is very usefull to decrease BER for communication sys

thiese programs very helpful in LLR decoding algorithm which is used in turbo code or LDPC decoder with 64 QAM modulation