理解进程表示和状态转换、模式转换；掌握进程上下文切换机制；掌握软中断的实现机理和作用；掌握进程调度的基本思想；熟练应用进程相关的系统调用。重点在于进程的创建与结束、进程调度与切换以及软中断机制。-To understand the process of representation and state transitions, mode conversion　master the process of context switching mechanism　grasp the realization of the soft interrupt mechanism and effect　grasp the basic idea of the process of scheduling　skilled application process-related system calls. Focus on the process of creation and the end of the process of scheduling and switching, as well as the soft interrupt mechanism.