kmeans 聚类算法，主要用来对一堆数据形成他们的码本-k-means clustering is a method of vector quantization originally from signal processing, that is popular for cluster analysis in data mining. k-means clustering aims to partition n observations into k clusters in which each observation belongs to the cluster with the nearest mean, serving as a prototype of the cluster. This results in a partitioning of the data space into Voronoi cells.