词法分析（英语：lexical analysis）是计算机科学中将字符序列转换为单词（Token）序列的过程。进行词法分析的程序或者函数叫作词法分析器（Lexical analyzer，简称Lexer），也叫扫描器（Scanner）。(Lexical analysis is the process of converting character sequence into token sequence in computer science. The program or function for lexical analysis is called lexer or scanner.)