面向服务的体系结构（Service-Oriented Architecture，SOA）是一个组件模型，它将应用程序的不同功能单元（称为服务）通过这些服务之间定义良好的接口和契约联系起来。接口是采用中立的方式进行定义的，它应该独立于实现服务的硬件平台、操作系统和编程语言。这使得构建在各种这样的系统中的服务可以一种统一和通用的方式进行交互。-Oriented service architecture (Service-Oriented Architecture, SOA), a component model, it will be the application of different functional units (called services) are linked by well-defined interfaces between these services and contract. The interface is defined using neutral, it should be independent of hardware platforms, operating systems and programming languages ​ ​ to implement the service. This service is built on a variety of such systems can interact with a uniform and universal manner.