本文对国内外的温度采集系统的发展历史及现状进行了综合阐述，对其发展方向进行了分析和推测，结合工业现场的需求特性，对温度采集系统进行设计。本温度采集系统下位机采用ATmega16单片机为主控制器,采用单线式DS18B20温度传感器采集温度,通过串口RS232将其传送到上位机，上位机使用VB编写界面和后台处理程序,可实现温度实时显示，并采用SQL Sever数据库对数据进行管理。最终测试结果显示上位机实现了实时数据接收、显示和基于SQL Sever的实时数据库管理。介绍了前后台软件设计流程图，并给出了设计实现的硬件实物图和采集到的前后台温度显示结果。-The development history and current situation of the temperature acquisition system are explained, the direction of its development is analyzed and hypothesized, combined with the demand characteristics of industry field, design the temperature acquisition system. The submitted-machine of the temperature acquisition system use ATmega16 as the main controller and DS18B20 collecting temperature, through the serial port of the RS232 transmit the data to the main-machine. Using VB write the interface and back-end processing program, realize the real-time temperature displaying, at the same time use the SQL Sever database to manage the data. The final result of test show that the main-machine has realized the real time data receiving, displaying and real-time database management based on SQL Sever. Introduced flow chart of the software, and gives the completed design of the hardware circuit diagram and the display of the results of collected temperature.