it is note on a The EMS concept comprises hardware and software for the purpose of monitoring and controlling the power system. Typically, the function of monitoring is fully automated. Control functions, however, are either automated or manual. Energy Management Systems have evolved the traditional dispatcher s office. The dispatcher had in his reach supervisory equipment. Based on his experience, he would monitor the supervisory equipment and will control the system appropriately. The control was manually d upon communication between the dispatcher and local operator (for example, plant operator). As size and complexity of the-it is note on a The EMS concept comprises hardware and software for the purpose of monitoring and controlling the power system. Typically, the function of monitoring is fully automated. Control functions, however, are either automated or manual. Energy Management Systems have evolved　the traditional dispatcher s office. The dispatcher had in his reach supervisory equipment. Based on his experience, he would monitor the supervisory equipment and will control the system appropriately. The control was manually　d upon communication between the dispatcher and local operator (for example, plant operator). As size and complexity of the