Recent advances in nanophotonic structures covering both photonic crystals (PhC) and metamaterials are

reviewed. Useful properties have been obtained metal-based planar Split Ring Resonator (SRR) structures

at infra-red optical frequencies and work is progressing towards the visible spectrum. Here we explore the use of

semiconductor substrates which opens the way for the creation of programmable metamaterials where the

complex properties, in both their real and imaginary components, may be locally modified electrically or

optically. We also present results on the effect of metal choice at mid [1] and near infrared wavelengths and

examine the effect of additional in- plane wires on the resonances.-Recent advances in nanophotonic structures covering both photonic crystals (PhC) and metamaterials are

reviewed. Useful properties have been obtained　metal-based planar Split Ring Resonator (SRR) structures

at infra-red optical frequencies and work is progressing towards the visible spectrum. Here we explore the use of

semiconductor substrates which opens the way for the creation of programmable metamaterials where the

complex properties, in both their real and imaginary components, may be locally modified electrically or

optically. We also present results on the effect of metal choice at mid [1] and near infrared wavelengths and

examine the effect of additional in- plane wires on the resonances.