稀疏矩阵是指那些多数元素为零的矩阵。利用‘稀疏’特点进行存储和计算可以大大节省存储空间，提高效率。通过对稀疏矩阵的存储表示，实现矩阵的基本操作。-Sparse matrix refers to those matrices that are mostly zero. The use of　sparse　features for storage and computing can greatly save storage space and improve efficiency. The basic operation of the matrix is realized by storing the sparse matrix.