主成分分析（Principal Component Analysis，PCA）， 是一种统计方法。通过正交变换将一组可能存在相关性的变量转换为一组线性不相关的变量，转换后的这组变量叫主成分。(Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a statistical method. Convert a set of variables that may be relevant by orthogonal transform into a set of linearly irrelevant variables, which are called principal components.)