遗传算法（Genetic Algorithm）是模拟达尔文生物进化论的自然选择和遗传学机理的生物进化过程的计算模型，是一种通过模拟自然进化过程搜索最优解的方法。遗传算法是从代表问题可能潜在的解集的一个种群（population）开始的，而一个种群则由经过基因（gene）编码的一定数目的个体(individual)组成。(The genetic algorithm (Genetic Algorithm) is a computational model of biological evolution process of natural selection and genetic mechanism of the simulation of Darwin's theory of biological evolution, is a kind of method to search the optimal solution through simulating the process of natural evolution. The genetic algorithm starts with a population (population) that represents the potential solution set of the problem, and a population is composed of a number of individuals (individual) encoded by a gene (gene).)