分析传统双向渐进结构优化方法（Bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization，简称BESO）存在不足的基础上，针对性的对数值计算进行了合理的改进。并在此基础上分别对宏观结构、微结构优化、材料/结构一体化等相关问题进行了多尺度、多相复合材料布局及拓扑优化等层次系统地研究(Based on the analysis of the shortcomings of the traditional Bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO), a reasonable improvement is made for numerical computation. Based on that, multi-level, multi-phase composite material layout and topology optimization are studied systematically.)