粒子群算法入门必备，超详细。
在全局版的标准粒子群算法中，每个粒子的速度的更新是根据两个因素来变化的，这两个因素是：1. 粒子自己历史最优值pi。2. 　粒子群体的全局最优值pg。如果改变粒子速度更新公式，让每个粒子的速度的更新根据以下两个因素更新，A. 粒子自己历史最优值pi。B. 粒子邻域内粒子的最优值pnk。其余保持跟全局版的标准粒子群算法一样，这个算法就变为局部版的粒子群算法。(The introduction of particle swarm algorithm is essential, super detailed.
In the global version of the standard particle swarm algorithm, the speed of each particle is updated based on two factors. These two factors are: 1. Particle's own historical optimal value pi. 2. The global optimum pg of the particle population. If you change the particle velocity update formula, let each particle's velocity update be updated according to the following two factors, A. Particle's own historical optimal value pi. B. The optimal value of the particle pnk in the particle neighborhood. The rest remains the same as the global version of the standard particle swarm algorithm. This algorithm becomes a local version of the particle swarm algorithm.)