蒙特卡罗方法又称随机抽样技巧或统计试验方法。半个多世纪以来，由于科学技术的发展和电子计算机的发明 ，这种方法作为一种独立的方法被提出来，并首先在核武器的试验与研制中得到了应用。蒙特卡罗方法是一种计算方法，但与一般数值计算方法有很大区别。它是以概率统计理论为基础的一种方法。由于蒙特卡罗方法能够比较逼真地描述事物的特点及物理实验过程，解决一些数值方法难以解决的问题，因而该方法的应用领域日趋广泛。

-Monte Carlo method known as random or statistical skills test method. More than half a century, the development of science and technology and the invention of the electronic computer, this method as an independent method was raised and the first nuclear test and research has been applied. The Monte Carlo method is a calculated, but with the general numerical method a great difference. It was based on the theory of probability and statistics-based approach. As the Monte Carlo method can vividly describe things and the physical characteristics of the experimental process, numerical methods to solve some difficult problems, the result of the increasingly extensive application areas.