The inverse of the gradient function. I ve provided versions that work on 1-d vectors, or 2-d or 3-d arrays. In the 1-d case I offer 5 different methods, from cumtrapz, and an integrated cubic spline, plus several finite difference methods.



In higher dimensions, only a finite difference/linear algebra solution is provided, but it is fully vectorized and fully sparse in its approach. In 2-d and 3-d, if the gradients are inconsistent, then a least squares solution is generated