大型信息系统通常十分复杂，很难直接对它进行分析设计，人们经常借助模型来设计分析系统。模型是现实世界中的某些事物的一种抽象表示。抽象的含义是抽取事物的本质特性，忽略事物的其他次要因素。-large information systems are usually very complicated, it is difficult to directly analyze design, often using models to design and analysis system. The model is the real world of a certain abstract things said. Abstract is the meaning of taking the very nature of things, the neglect of other things secondary factor.