本文在总结和分析了二值形态学膨胀算法的原理及其应用的基础上,通过对传统结构元素膨胀效果的比较,重点针对结构元素的选择作了算法上的改进,用水平和垂直结构元素组合方法,满足大部分图像膨胀处理的要求,保护了图像边缘信息,简化了程序的编写,改善了膨胀算法的性能,具有一定普遍性和代表性。-In this paper, summary and analysis of binary morphological dilation algorithm based on the theory and application, through the expansion of traditional structure element results compared to the choice of focusing on structure element algorithm for the improvement made with combination of horizontal and vertical structure elements methods to meet the requirements of the majority of image expansion processing to protect the image edge information, simplifying the process of preparation, the expansion algorithm to improve the performance of certain universal and representative.